Inganda za polyurethane zatangiriye mu Budage kandi zateye imbere byihuse mu Burayi, Amerika n'Ubuyapani mu myaka irenga 50, kandi zabaye inganda ziyongera cyane mu nganda z’imiti.Mu myaka ya za 70, ibicuruzwa bya polyurethane ku isi byose hamwe byari toni miliyoni 1.1, bigera kuri toni miliyoni 10 mu 2000, naho umusaruro wose mu 2005 wari hafi toni miliyoni 13.7.Ikigereranyo cy'ubwiyongere bw'umwaka wa polyurethane ku isi kuva 2000 kugeza 2005 cyari hafi 6.7%.Amasoko yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Aziya ya pasifika n'Uburayi yari afite 95% by'isoko rya polyurethane ku isi mu mwaka wa 2010. Biteganijwe ko isoko rya Aziya ya pasifika, Uburayi bw'Uburasirazuba ndetse na Amerika y'Epfo rizamuka vuba mu myaka icumi iri imbere.
Raporo y’ubushakashatsi bw’isoko ry’ubushakashatsi, ivuga ko isoko rya polyurethane ku isi ryasabye toni miliyoni 13.65 mu mwaka wa 2010, bikaba biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri toni miliyoni 17.946 mu 2016, aho izamuka ry’umwaka ryiyongereyeho 4.7%.Ku bijyanye n’agaciro, yagereranijwe agera kuri miliyari 33.033 mu mwaka wa 2010 ikazagera kuri miliyari 55.48 $ mu 2016, CAGR ya 6.8%.Icyakora, kubera ubushobozi burenze urugero bwa MDI na TDI, ibikoresho by'ibanze bya polyurethane mu Bushinwa, kwiyongera kw'ibicuruzwa bikomoka kuri polyurethane, ndetse no kohereza ibigo byita ku bucuruzi hamwe na R&D n'ibigo byinshi byo mu mahanga ku masoko yo muri Aziya ndetse no mu Bushinwa. , uruganda rwa polyurethane murugo ruzatangiza mugihe cyizahabu mugihe kizaza.
Kwibanda ku isoko rya buri ruganda ruto rwa polyurethane kwisi ni rwinshi cyane
Ibikoresho fatizo bya polyurethane, cyane cyane isocyanates, bifite inzitizi zikomeye za tekiniki, bityo umugabane w’isoko ku nganda za polyurethane ku isi ukaba ugizwe ahanini n’ibihangange byinshi by’imiti, kandi inganda ni nyinshi cyane.
Kwisi yose CR5 ya MDI ni 83.5%, TDI ni 71.9%, BDO ni 48,6% (CR3), polyol polyol ni 57,6%, naho spandex ni 58.2%.
Ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro kwisi no gukenera ibikoresho bya polyurethane nibicuruzwa bigenda byiyongera vuba
(1) Ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho bya polyurethane byagutse vuba.Ku bijyanye na MDI na TDI, umusaruro wa MDI ku isi wageze kuri toni miliyoni 5.84 muri 2011, naho umusaruro wa TDI ugera kuri toni miliyoni 2.38.Mu mwaka wa 2010, icyifuzo cya MDI ku isi cyageze kuri toni miliyoni 4.55, naho isoko ry’Ubushinwa rikaba 27%.Biteganijwe ko mu mwaka wa 2015, isoko rya MDI ku isi riteganijwe kwiyongera hafi 40% kugeza kuri toni miliyoni 6.4, naho isoko ry’Ubushinwa ku isi rikazamuka kugera kuri 31% muri icyo gihe kimwe.
Kugeza ubu, ku isi hari inganda zirenga 30 za TDI hamwe n’ibice birenga 40 by’inganda zitanga umusaruro wa TDI ku isi, zose hamwe zikaba zifite toni miliyoni 2.38.Mu mwaka wa 2010, ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro bwari toni miliyoni 2.13.Toni zigera kuri 570.000.Mu myaka mike iri imbere, isoko rya TDI ku isi riziyongera ku gipimo cya 4% -5%, kandi biteganijwe ko isoko rya TDI ku isi rizagera kuri toni miliyoni 2.3 muri 2015. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2015, buri mwaka icyifuzo cya TDI cy’Ubushinwa isoko rizagera kuri toni 828.000, bingana na 36% byisi yose.
Kubijyanye na polyether polyole, ubu umusaruro wisi yose wa polyether polyole urenga toni miliyoni 9, mugihe ikoreshwa riri hagati ya toni miliyoni 5 na miliyoni 6, hamwe nubushobozi burenze urugero.Ubushobozi mpuzamahanga bwo gukora polyether bwibanze cyane mumaboko yamasosiyete akomeye nka Bayer, BASF, na Dow, kandi CR5 iri hejuru ya 57.6%.
(2) Ibicuruzwa byo hagati ya polyurethane.Raporo y’ikigo cy’ubujyanama cya IAL, ikigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka ku musaruro wa polyurethane ku isi kuva 2005 kugeza 2007 cyari 7,6%, kigera kuri toni miliyoni 15.92.Hamwe no kongera ubushobozi bw’umusaruro no kongera ibisabwa, biteganijwe ko uzagera kuri toni miliyoni 18.7 mu myaka 12.
Impuzandengo yiterambere ryumwaka yinganda za polyurethane ni 15%
Inganda za polyurethane mu Bushinwa zatangiye mu myaka ya za 1960 kandi zateye imbere buhoro buhoro.Mu 1982, umusaruro wa polyurethane mu gihugu wari toni 7,000 gusa.Nyuma yivugurura no gufungura, hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubukungu bwigihugu, iterambere ryinganda za polyurethane naryo ryateye imbere cyane.Mu 2005, igihugu cyanjye cyakoresheje ibicuruzwa bya polyurethane (harimo n’umuti) byageze kuri toni miliyoni 3, hafi toni miliyoni 6 mu 2010, naho ikigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka kuva 2005 kugeza 2010 cyari hafi 15%, kikaba cyari hejuru cyane y’ubwiyongere bwa GDP.
Polyurethane ikaze ifuro isabwa guturika
Polyurethane ikomeye ifuro ikoreshwa cyane muri firigo, kubaka inyubako, imodoka nizindi nganda.Mu myaka yashize, kubera umubare munini wibisabwa mu kubaka insulasiyo no gukonjesha imbeho ikonje, icyifuzo cya polyurethane gikomeye cyane cyiyongereye cyane, ku buryo impuzandengo y’imikoreshereze y’umwaka ku kigero cya 16% kuva 2005 kugeza 2010. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe na kwaguka kwaguka kwinyubako nisoko ryo kuzigama ingufu, icyifuzo cya polyurethane ikomeye ifuro biteganijwe ko izamura iterambere riturika.Biteganijwe ko mu myaka itanu iri imbere, polyurethane ikomeye ifuro izakomeza kwiyongera ku gipimo kirenga 15%.
Imyenda yoroshye yo mu rugo polyurethane ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikoresho byo mu nzu no kuntebe yimodoka.Mu mwaka wa 2010, imikoreshereze y’imbere mu gihugu ya polyurethane yoroheje yageze kuri toni miliyoni 1.27, naho ikigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bw’imikoreshereze y’umwaka kuva 2005 kugeza 2010 cyari 16%.Biteganijwe ko umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwigihugu cyanjye gikenera ifuro ryoroshye mumyaka mike iri imbere izaba 10% cyangwa irenga.
Uruhu rwa sintetikewenyineigisubizo kiri kumwanya wa mbere
Polyurethane elastomers ikoreshwa cyane mubyuma, impapuro, icapiro nizindi nganda.Hariho abakora toni 10,000 10,000 hamwe ninganda zigera kuri 200 ntoya nini nini.
Uruhu rwa polyurethane rukoreshwa cyane mumizigo, imyenda,inkweto, n'ibindi Mu mwaka wa 2009, abashinwa polyurethane bakoresheje ibicuruzwa byari hafi toni miliyoni 1.32.igihugu cyanjye ntabwo gikora gusa kandi kigakoresha uruhu rwa polyurethane gusa, ahubwo ni n’ingenzi kohereza ibicuruzwa mu ruhu rwa polyurethane.Mu 2009, ikoreshwa rya polyurethane igisubizo cyonyine mu gihugu cyanjye cyari hafi toni 334.000.
Impuzandengo yo kwiyongera kwumwaka ya polyurethane yambarwa hamwe nibifatika birenga 10%
Ipitingi ya polyurethane ikoreshwa cyane mugushushanya ibiti byo murwego rwohejuru, ibiti byubatswe, imyenda irwanya ruswa, irangi ryimodoka yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, nibindi.;ibishishwa bya polyurethane bikoreshwa cyane mugukora inkweto, firime ikomatanya, ubwubatsi, imodoka ndetse no mu kirere bidasanzwe guhuza no gufunga.Hano hari toni zirenga icumi-10,000 zikora uruganda rwa polyurethane.Mu mwaka wa 2010, umusaruro wa polyurethane washyizweho ni toni 950.000, naho umusaruro wa polyurethane wari toni 320.000.
Kuva mu 2001, impuzandengo y’ubwiyongere buri mwaka y’igihugu cyanjye umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa byinjira n’ibicuruzwa byarenze 10%.Ikigereranyo cy'ubwiyongere bw'umwaka.Kwungukira ku iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda zifata, ifumbire mvaruganda ya polyurethane ifite igipimo mpuzandengo cyo kugurisha ku mwaka ku kigereranyo cya 20% mu myaka icumi ishize, kikaba ari kimwe mu bicuruzwa bifata vuba vuba.Muri byo, gupakira ibintu byoroshye bya pulasitike ni byo byingenzi bikoreshwa mu gufatira hamwe ibintu byinshi bya polyurethane, bingana na 50% by’umusaruro wose hamwe n’igurisha ry’ibikoresho bya polyurethane.Dukurikije ibiteganijwe mu ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zita ku Bushinwa, umusaruro w’ibiti bya polyurethane bifatanyirijwe hamwe bipfunyika bya plastiki byoroshye bizaba toni zirenga 340.000.
Mu bihe biri imbere, Ubushinwa buzahinduka ikigo cy’iterambere ry’inganda za polyurethane ku isi
Kwungukira ku mutungo ukize w'igihugu cyanjye no ku isoko ryagutse, umusaruro w’igihugu cyanjye no kugurisha ibicuruzwa bya polyurethane bikomeje kwiyongera.Mu mwaka wa 2009, igihugu cyanjye cyakoresheje ibicuruzwa bya polyurethane byageze kuri toni miliyoni 5, bingana na 30% ku isoko ry’isi.Mu bihe biri imbere, umubare w’ibicuruzwa bya polyurethane mu gihugu cyanjye uziyongera.Biteganijwe ko mu mwaka wa 2012, igihugu cyanjye umusaruro wa polyurethane uzaba hejuru ya 35% by’umugabane w’isi, ukazaba utanga umusaruro mwinshi wa polyurethane.
Ingamba zo gushora imari
Isoko ryibwira ko inganda za polyurethane muri rusange ari ubunebwe, kandi ntabwo yizeye inganda za polyurethane.Twizera ko inganda za polyurethane ziri mukarere kanyuma.Kubera ko inganda zifite ubushobozi bunini bwo kwaguka, hazabaho kwiyongera mu mwaka wa 2012, cyane cyane mu gihe kiri imbere, Ubushinwa buzahinduka iterambere ry’inganda za polyurethane ku isi.Ikigo nigikoresho cyingirakamaro kigaragara mugutezimbere ubukungu bwa polyurethane nubuzima bwabantu.Ikigereranyo cyo kwiyongera k'umwaka mu nganda za polyurethane mu Bushinwa ni 15%.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-07-2022